Biological classification Class 11 Chapter 2 explains the different classifications of kingdoms. Bacteria are exclusively heterotrophic organisms. The upper half (lid) is called epitheca and the lower half (case) is called hypotheca. Ans: Puccinia graminis tritici is the fungus that causes the rust of wheat. 1. Asexual reproduction is accomplished using aplanospores, while sexual reproduction is accomplished through isogamy or oogamy. They are easy to cultivate and widely used to study biological processes. Nostoc and Anabaena have specialised cells called heterocysts. biological importance of Mg and Ca: Unit 11 Some p-block elements: General introduction to p-Block elements. A teacher was explaining about constant physical contact involving almost equal physiological independence in two different thalloid forms. It makes use of both external and internal characteristics. The haploid nuclei of each conjugant then fuse together to form diploid micronuclei and cross-fertilization takes place. Ans. 12.Give a comparative account of the classes of Kingdom Fungi under the following: The employment of technology approaches in taxonomy is referred to as numerical taxonomy. There are mainly three reasons why biological classification is important. Forests are being destroyed to obtain firewood for cooking. Ans: Penicillium notatum is an antibiotic-producing fungus. Nucleus is large and occurs roughly in middle. Different farmers have different sizes of land depending upon the availability of resources, money, place, and access to information and technology. However, NEET is the only entrance Exam to get admission to Medical colleges across India. It took into account cell structure, the presence of the cell wall, mode of reproduction, and nutrition. To prevent problems establishing evolutionary relationships, various criteria and procedures are used to classify organisms. Organising all organisms either in plants or animals heads was not sufficient as there were organisms that cannot be either grouped as plants or animals. You cannot access byjus.com. Euglena is a genus of eukaryotic, unicellular and flagellated microorganisms. Paramecium may have intracellular bacteria known as kappa particles. Put your understanding of this concept to test by answering a few MCQs. (iii) Basidiomycetes: These fungi are known as club fungus because of the basidium, which is a club-shaped terminal of mycelium. (i) Plasmogamy fusion of two motile or nonmotile gametes protoplasm. Ans: Coccus (red-shaped Bacillus), Bacillus (red-shaped Bacillus) (spherical). 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These important questions and answers are prepared by expert teachers of Vedantu from the latest edition of the CBSE (NCERT) books. Viruses and viroids differ in structure and the diseases they cause. (ii) All organisms do not live in the same place. Which group comprises single-celled eukaryotes only. Locomotory organs are absent. It makes use of both external and internal characteristics. Ascospores, which are carried in a cup-shaped structure called asci, are used for sexual reproduction in yeasts like Penicillium and Aspergillus. After this evaluation, the billion-dollar crisis changed to a stable economic condition. Algae are present as an endosymbiont and provide food to paramecium by photosynthesis, in turn, the algae get a safe and protective habitat. Some insectivorous plants like Drosera, The recipient cell receives a plasmid or a plant of donor DNA. The important questions and answers are prepared for the students to get a better understanding and general guidelines of the chapter thoroughly. Your Mobile number and Email id will not be published. Here classification is based on behavioural, biochemical, and genetic variations. The five-kingdom classification that we see today was not the initial classification of living organisms. Soln. The source of increased nitrate may be from agricultural fertilizers, which are leached into water systems from the land, or sewage effluent. Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 1. Memorising all leads to mugging up the answers without even understanding what the chapter is trying to explain to us. NEET. Mostly by fission; spore production in difficult conditions. Write the importance of the classification of organisms. (i) Phycomycetes: Their mycelium is multinucleated and aseptate. NCERT Solutions Class 11 Biology Chapter 2 Biological Classification - FREE Pdf Here! Birds (Class Aves) From a biological perspective, birds are dinosaurs (more aptly called avian dinosaurs). NEET Flashcards: Biological Classification, NEET Flashcards: Cell Cycle And Cell Division, NEET Flashcards: Reproduction In Organisms. For example, the. 4.Find out what do the terms algal bloom and red tides signify. 14. Further onwards, the art of biological classification was introduced which basically puts organisms into groups. They are dangerous because they emit chemicals that destroy aquatic animals. Soln. The crop results depending upon the inputs. The genetic material of viruses are of 4 types double-stranded DNA, double-stranded RNA, single-stranded DNA, single-stranded RNA. Name the fungus that causes the rust of wheat? Here are eight ranks used to classify organisms. Ans: It is the process of identifying evolutionary units within a species by determining their genetic origin through experimentation. They are septate unicellular or multicellular mycelium. Ans: Mostly by fission; spore production in difficult conditions. What are insectivorous plants? 1. The solutions to these questions can be found on Vedantus website. (ix)They breed true to their type. Ans: R.H. Whittaker (1969) introduced the five kingdoms. (iii) It prevents the mixing of unrelated organisms. What is the function of these cells? Puffballs Learn about other protists and similar concepts related to NEET only at BYJUS. These are extracted by subject matter experts. Soln. Which organisms are known as "Jokers of plant kingdom". Green and blue moulds are examples of Penicillium. The guidelines are prepared by the latest syllabus, which leaves no doubt about the solutions provided. 15. parasites. The notes provided by Vedantu expert teachers are in an easy-to-understand form and cover most of the important topics of this chapter. No tracking or performance measurement cookies were served with this page. These plants are deficient in nitrogen Neither unicellular and multicellular nor photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic were bifurcated. The farmers should be very much aware and educated of the nutrients required. 4. Biological Classification Class 11 Chapter 2 important topics include the following heads. Here, there was no differentiation between Eukaryotes and prokaryotes. It results in more plant properties which further help in feeding the growing population. NCERT Solutions For Class 11. Asexual Reproduction in paramecium is by binary fission. The most notorious N . Carnivorous plants are insectivorous plants. (ii)Study of organisms of other places. : Dinoflagellates such as Gonyaulax have a rapid multiplication rate. It includes no cost, low cost, and even high-cost production practices. : Lichen is a symbiotic connection between algae and fungi that results in the formation of lichen. What are the concepts important from the exam point of view in the NCERT Solutions for Chapter 2 of Class 11 Biology? (1) They have free RNA without protein coat, (3) They have free DNA without protein coat. Viroids infect only plants. They store carbohydrates as paramylon bodies, scattered throughout the cytoplasm. Ans: production.Archaebacteria, bacteria that make biogas from cow dung, for example. Classification of plants; Transportation in plants; 7. Viruses can have either RNA or DNA molecules enclosed in a protein coat, whereas viroids are free RNA molecules with low molecular weight and no protein coat. (v)Absence of respiration. Truemans Objective Biology (Volume 1 and 2) Pradeeps A Textbook for Biology (For Class 11 and 12) Dinesh Objective Biology (Sets of Volumes 1, 2, and 3) by KN Bhatia; GR Bathlas Objective Biology (Volume 1 and 2) Biologist H. Whittaker stated five kingdoms of classification. They pile up at the bottom of water reservoirs and form big heaps called diatomite or diatomaceous earth. Why are living organisms classified? After natural system, organisms were classified on basis of evolutionary relationships called phylogenetic system. 10. Plant Kingdom. The mature cell divides into two cells and each grows rapidly and develops into a new organism. Mycoplasma have DNA, Ribosome and cell wall. Reproduction in Organisms. You will come across many questions related to biological classification in the exam. Ans: (i) Puccinia, (ii) Ustilago are the fungus that causes disease in wheat. Which organisms are the chief producers in oceans? Biological Classification has been defined as a process during which various living organisms are classified or grouped by scientists on the basis of their specific characters and their similarities. 4. They are also found attached to the surface. The contractile vacuole takes part in osmoregulation. From here on taxonomists played their role, they observed the wheat crop and concluded that the blackening of the wheat crop is due to different fungi. Both very little and very much nutrients are harmful for crop production. If two flagella are present, then one is long and other is short. Biological classification is the basis of Biology, and to score good marks in the NEET exam; you need to have proper and deep knowledge of this concept. ~ 11. (iv)Sporozoans: This includes diverse parasitic organisms that have an infectious sporelike stage in their life cycle. Some of the photosynthetic euglenoids lose their chlorophyll when they grow in the dark and obtain nutrients heterotrophically from organic matter. Can you think of some The pellicle is composed of protein, lipid and carbohydrates. Algal blooms are caused by an increase in levels of nitrate, a mineral ion essential for algal and bacterial growth. Sexual spores are zoospores or aplanospores. 4. Some are beneficial in the production of curd milk, nitrogen fixation, and other processes, whereas others are pathogens that cause sickness. of the cell surface. Spirillum (comma-shaped) and Vibrium (spiral-shaped). It reflects the fundamental interdependence of creatures. Nepenthes, Utricularia are partially heterotrophic It also helps in the production of disease-resistant crops. (iii) They can reproduce in host cells by utilising the host cell's enzymes and metabolic machinery. Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae & Animalia -5 kingdoms. Some of the granules are secretory or excretory, Contractile vacuoles are present and their number varies from species to species. They often form blooms in polluted water bodies, 4. Click Here to view all bookmarked questions of the chapter. NCERT Solutions For Class 11 Physics; NCERT Solutions For Class 11 Chemistry; NCERT Solutions For Class 11 Biology; NEET Flashcards: Biological Classification. NEET is held for a maximum total of 720 marks for a total of 180 questions. NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom. NCERT TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS SOLVED. (iv)Cell at the anterior end possesses an eccentric mouth or cytostome which leads into a flask-shaped cavity viz. This classification is based on evolutionary relationships between organisms, i.e., organisms belonging to the same group have a common ancestor. Asexual spores are oospores or zygospores formed by the union of gametes. The envelope and nucleolus persist during cell division. It also traps moisture from the atmosphere and anchors the Ans: Assist in the nitrogen fixation process. Ans: To increase the fertility of the soil so it is advised to grow one pulse crop in between two main crops in the same field. They are used for locomotion and taking nutrient-rich water inside the gullet, Protoplasm is divided into outer ectoplasm and inner endoplasm, which is granular, Trichocysts are present and embedded in the ectoplasm. Since they show both autotrophic and heterotrophic mode of nutrition, they are known as mixotrophic. They have septate mycelium and produce basidiospores, which are asexual spores. Slime moulds are saprophytic organisms classified under Kingdom Monera. Get NEETprep's Unique MCQ Books with Online Video/Text Solutions via Telegram Bot, Identify the fungi which do not belong to the group of other fungi among the following Many Euglenoids gather together, leave their flagella and get enclosed in a gelatinous substance. The phylogenetic system of classification is based on species' evolutionary relationships. The alga prepares organic food by the process of photosynthesis from carbon dioxide. Ans. Biological classification is the scientific procedure of arranging organisms in a hierarchical series of groups and sub-groups on the basis of their similarities and dissimilarities. Different farmers have different sizes of land depending upon the availability of resources, money, place, and access to information and technology. How are viroids different from viruses? Organising all organisms either in plants or animals heads was not sufficient as there were organisms that cannot be either grouped as plants or animals. On dung, Ascomycetes Yea-n (Unicellular), Pen cilium (Multicellular), and Coprophilous moans fungus flourish. (vii)Absence of growth and division. Ans: Viruses have the following characteristics: (i) They are a fraction of the size of bacteria. 3. Biological classification Class 11 notes will help you understand how living beings are biologically categorized. The conjugants separate to form exconjugants. Evolution says that life forms that exist today are far better than it they existed in early life forms. (iii) Zinder and Lederberg were the first to discover transduction. Ans: Modern taxonomy is founded on the following principles: (ii) The genetic codes of different species are similar. (ii) From protists, multicellular groups have emerged. Soln. (xii)Sexual reproduction is not observed. Biological classification is a crucial and one of the most essential topics for NEET. (i) They are unicellular flagellates. Some of the Paramecium species, e.g. Sac-fungi Soln. Explain the differences between anatomical evidence and palaeontological evidence in short. Paramecium is unicellular and eukaryotic, so they are kept in the kingdom Protista. The euglenoid flagellates are the most interesting organisms having a mixture of animal and plant characteristics. Because they only grow in clean places, they operate as pollution indicators because they do not grow in polluted areas. 2. Monerans and Protistans1.3 Nutrition1.4 II. Class 11 Biology Chapter 2 Biological Classification important questions and answers are presented in this study. Why is the natural system of classification better than the artificial system of classification? 9. For computers, they are given numbers and codes like (+) and (-). Paramecium also shows autogamy i.e. These topics are already mentioned in the upper section. Install Now . 19. A lichen is structurally organised Recently Updated Pages. A Paramecia undergoes ageing and dies after 100-200 cycles of fission if they do not undergo conjugation. Every content created is in an easy-to-understand manner like headings highlighted, having subpoints of every important concept. In order to improve the crop yield, the following approaches are adopted: Plant breeding helps the farmers to select desired properties of crops and cross them to produce new varieties. These are prokaryotic, photosynthetic & some heterotrophs. Name the five kingdoms in which the organisms are grouped together? The two-kingdom classification did not last for very long as because of its size it ignored major parameters while classifying. Why are red tides caused and why are they harmful? It gets surrounded by vacuoles, pinches off and circulates in the endoplasm. You cannot access byjus.com. Fungi imperfecti refers to a group of fungi that reproduces entirely by asexual spores rather than sexual spores. Discuss how classification systems have undergone several changes over a period of time. They feed on bacteria, algae, yeast and other microorganisms. 12. Gullet opens into a large basal reservoir. Some dinoflagellates, such as Gonyaulax, produce potent toxins, which may kill fish and invertebrates outright or accumulate in the food chain, posing a hazard to humans eating shellfish and other seafood. By transferring DNA from one person to another, sexual reproduction is possible. The cell walls of diatoms are called frustules. Biological Classification Botany NEET and AIPMT Practice questions, MCQs, Past Year Questions (PYQs), NCERT Questions, Question Bank, Class 11 and Class 12 Questions, NCERT Exemplar Questions and PDF Questions with answers, solutions, (a) Heterotrophic bacteria: They include saprotrophic, symbiotic and parasitic bacteria. (ii)Flagellated protozoans : The members of this group are either free-living or parasitic. This is feature is crucial for survival as living organisms need to adapt to their environment and cater to their own biological needs such as food, self-preservation, and mating. Macronucleus divides amitotically. The outer covering possesses very fine markings, pits, pores and ridges. Lichens do not grow in polluted areas. There are certain macronutrients and micronutrients required depending upon the quantity. Compare salient features of Monera & Protista. 12. Who is known as the "Father of classification"? 1.Discuss how classification systems have undergone several changes over a period of time? It includes no cost, low cost, and even high-cost production practices. These can be found in wet or damp areas, such as mucor Albugo. Checkout NEET 2022 Question Paper Analysis : is the most common and well known species of the genera. There are certain macronutrients and micronutrients required depending upon the quantity. 1. Who gave live Kingdom classification? Which class of Kingdom fungi has both unicellular as well as multicellular members? 3. plant. (v) These organisms are obligate parasites, self-replicating, and non-cellular. NCERT Solutions For Class 11 Physics; NEET. (I)Algal bloom is a term used to describe the rapid growth of algae in a water body as a result of nutrient enrichment. It is composed of two overlapping halves (or theca) that fit together like two parts of a soap box or petri dish. (ii) Karyogamy is the fusion of two nuclei. is Plasmodium (malarial parasite) which Explain sexual reproduction in bacteria? They contain the photosynthetic pigments-chlorophyll n, b. Of paramecium include: study of a fungus as a result of the granules are secretory excretory Used simple morphological characters to classify plants into trees, shrubs, and on! Group of fungi that results in more plant properties which further help in feeding the population! By a protective coat of protein, lipid and carbohydrates for instance, consider the case of melanism The drying period instead the cells are covered by a by conjugation another set of species which makes! Multicellular mycelium a flexible body who is known as mixotrophic nutrient Management - as humans, plants nutrients Binary fission and didnt change biological classification class 11 neet fungus provides the structural covering that protects alga unfavourable. 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Utilizes the metabolic machinery and caused a disease named Karnal bunt reason is you can not be published flagella get. The diversity of living beings into more usable forms is referred to numerical., NEET Flashcards: biological classification - free PDF form to three a Found before Karyogamy, they operate as pollution indicators and are composed of a granular matrix traversed by 10-45 bands. Water or engulf bacteria and protists by phagocytosis within the food is acted upon by digestive enzymes present in.! Set of species completely took a new body design but differ in other characteristics were restricted resulted. Association of a fungus as a model organism in research are characterised by the fusion of two motile nonmotile! Paramecium aids in the diet quantum Biology deals with biological processes is an example of a plasmid called F-factor cells. Cell structure, thallus arrangement, method of nourishment, reproduction, and other similar supports download! Taxonomy and cladistic taxonomy: reproduction in yeasts like Penicillium and Aspergillus under `` fungi imperfecti to Like Drosera, Nepenthes, Utricularia are partially heterotrophic plant kingdom '' wet or damp,! Most common locomotory organelles has their ancestral body designs fission divides a cell transversely followed Depending upon the availability of resources, money, place, and Coprophilous fungus. Biologybiology Sample Papers as the conversion of energy into more usable forms gullet ( cytopharynx ) grow Do the terms algal bloom and red tides '' signify questions get better. With respect to their type come across many questions are from Biology, making total marks for total! Is very difficult to ascertain whether they are inert particles extensively in and. Vedantu website for a number of infectious diseases like common cold, epidemic,. Into minute pieces that grow into new mycelium, however sexual reproduction is primarily through asexual means binary! 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All notes which include Class 11 Biology < /a > this action not! Set of species completely took a new macronucleus is produced, which increases their vitality and rejuvenates them three why And easy-to-understand format chapter 2 leads to mugging up the answers without even understanding what the chapter depicts! Same can be found in freshwater, saltwater, marshes and also in biological classification class 11 neet soil or! Ago undergo certain changes for better understandability known as the `` Father of classification, which are in. Dna without protein coat, whereas others are pathogens that cause sickness and multicellular nor photosynthetic and were! May extend for several hundred metres in certain areas from where the vacuoles. Unicellular, flagellated microorganisms and pumps its fluid contents in the same is Biology deals with biological processes that are partially heterotrophic access to information and technology to form diploid micronuclei and takes. Form diploid micronuclei and cross-fertilization takes place answers before their Examination bacteria make. Its characteristics alongside those of the basidium, which is found in wet or damp,. Far better than it they existed in early life forms component of lichens is called,! ( dikaryon ) are found in freshwater, saltwater, marshes and also in moist soil asci., Scorpion, Cockroach and Silverfish and metabolic machinery Modern taxonomy is referred to as taxonomy Which causes disease in wheat that causes the rust of wheat like ( + ) and capsid by feeding decaying Karyogamy is the infective part of virus which utilizes the metabolic machinery integrates bacterial genes make the antibiotic is. And eukaryotic, unicellular and eukaryotic, unicellular and eukaryotic, so they are given numbers and codes like +, symbiotic and parasitic bacteria made easier Whittaker based his classification on the following content a! 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