GENERATOR LOW FORWARD AND REVERSE POWER PROTECTION - YouTube As with mechanical carryover, vaporous carryover becomes more pronounced as pressure increases. PDF Motoring Protection Model Implementations and Simulations - IJIREEICE 6. To protect the generator running under load. Major faults in an alternator and their protection. - Electrical Blog The CW pumps are commonly high-specific-speed, low-head, high-flow designs. failure/harm. The severity of water damage can vary from minor seal rubs all the way to catastrophic damage to the turbine. This current reversal detected by the reverse power relay. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. . Belt conveyor trips on operation of Zero speed switch (ZSS), 1-To avoid the further damage to the belt conveyor, 2-To avoid system disturbance & major damages to the conveyor Fabrication of a modern steam turbine involves advanced metalwork to form high-grade steel alloys into precision parts using technologies that first became available in the 20th century . A waste recycling and generation plant experienced significant power and frequency fluctuations following a steam valve closure on the generators prime mover. Class B primarily relates to mechanical problems. ASME TDP-1, Recommended Practices for the Prevention of Water Damage to Steam Turbines Used for Electric Power Generation: Fossil-Fuel Plants, was initially developed in response to a rash of . Go back to protection schemes . operation of the plant. 1946 only version. The corrosion issues outlined in this article were the subject of an excellent paper at the most recent Electric Utility Chemistry Workshop (EUCW). In the final analysis, I am afraid that the prime mover's power is too large to cause the unit to overspeed. Since 1904 there has been a rapid expansion of the company's turbine production, stimulated by growing worldwide demand for electricity. If a drain pump is required and its failure could possibly lead to water entering the turbine, redundant drain pumps (supplied with power from separate power sources) should be furnished, each controlled by an independent level controller actuated automatically based on drain tank level. Thank you for helping keep Eng-Tips Forums free from inappropriate posts.The Eng-Tips staff will check this out and take appropriate action. trip the equipment automatically with or Class A trip involves a serious The tank drain line should be sized for the maximum service conditions. If an attemperator is required, it should be located downstream of the second power-operated block valve. This work came in conjunction with upgrades to the plants on-line chemistry monitoring system. 6. CPP unit operates on house load, Trip from oil & winding temperature of generator transformer. Source: ASME TDP-1-2006 Committee, Axial and side exhaust can be used to lower the turbine pedestal and minimize plant cost (Figure 5). Reverse power protection is used for anti-motoring. Although water induction into high-pressure (HP) and intermediate-pressure (IP) turbines has historically been recognized as the most damaging, experience has shown that water induction into low-pressure (LP) turbines can also cause significant damage and should be taken seriously. But the rotor coils end with the RRA (Rotating Rectifier assembly). 5. Outputs that fail to known position during processor or internal communication failure. Reverse Power Protection of An Alternator. Thanks. example, loss of steam flow or fuel), the generator will continue to turn at synchronous speed, drawing power from the system as a motor. Placement of drain pots is recommended at: Cold reheat lines at the first low point downstream of the steam turbine exhaust. Recommendations for draining side and axial turbine exhaust orientations into the condenser. In this document, a combined cycle is defined as a hybrid of the gas turbine (Brayton) and steam (Rankine) cycles. What is Reverse Power Relay? - Harbor Energy Solutions The latest revision to TDP-1 includes conventional steam (Rankine) cycle and combined-cycle power plants. Promoting, selling, recruiting, coursework and thesis posting is forbidden. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Ram Narula (rnarula@bechtel.com) is a Bechtel fellow, vice president, and chief technology officer for Bechtel Power. *Eng-Tips's functionality depends on members receiving e-mail. The only word that applies to this situation is catastrophe.. The philosophy of TDP-1 has been and will continue to be that "no single failure of equipment, device, signal, or loss of electrical power should result in water or cold steam entering the turbine.". motoring power for large steam turbines can be a very small fraction of the power rating, leading to sensitivity issues and a failure to detect and trip for this condition. The drain pot should be between the attemperator and the steam turbine. In past versions of the guidline this device was shown as a level switch. In case of turbo-alternator sets, failure of steam supply may cause inverted running. 32R setting 3% or 4% of the rating usually apply to turbines which require very little power to 'motor' What is the time delay on the tripping 32Rs? Research and Development. These values may seem very minute, but as we shall see, even slight impurity ingress, especially of chloride, can still present serious difficulties. Manish Kumar Vishwakarma - Mechanical Design Engineer - Hitachi Energy This function is used for protection of prime mover not generator. However, user can choose to activate both of them, only active power (32P relay) or only reactive power (32Q). Protecting Your Steam Turbine from Corrosion - Power Engineering Current normal steam purity limits are outlined in the table below. "Lionel original vintage 671 2020 Steam Turbine 6-8-6 Steam Locomotive complete horizontal motor with horizontal e unit. fail on prolonged exposure to temperature more than recommended), 1-To protect Turbine from uneven expansion, 2-To protect Turbine internals from water particles in steam (Low (This application requires redundant level elements. Large generators. (Symbols per ISA standards.) the bearings & internal parts. Consider as an example of common operating conditions the following approximate values from a planned combined cycle project. During steady-state operation, the precipitated salts are neutral, but in units that cycle on and off regularly (many plants nowadays) the LP turbine may be frequently exposed to humid, outside air. At the steam turbine end of long horizontal runs (over 75 feet). Dissolved and suspended solids are controlled via boiler blowdown, but the fact remains that some impurities can enter steam via any of three methods, mechanical carryover, vaporous carryover, or direct introduction from attemperator sprays. Ahmad Suradi Ibrahim - Supplier Quality Surveillance Surveyor for Fluor Steam turbines operating under . What Causes Generator Load Rejection? induction-cup type power unit having a pickup of 0.01-0.04 unity power factor amperes at rated voltage. Poly. Jeff LeBlanc on LinkedIn: Protecting Steam Turbines for a century! The However, often overlooked is that even trace levels of some impurities in steam can induce severe to catastrophic corrosion of turbine blades and rotors under certain conditions. PDF Power Relays Application Guide - GE Grid Solutions These protection when operated initiate tripping of Generator Circuit This function is used for protection of prime mover not generator. Drains should be installed at each low point in motive steam piping. The data is based on an average summer day at the site, with no supplemental duct firing to the HRSGs. The video explains about the generator low forward power and reverse power protections, Class A and Class B trip and shutdown sequence of Boiler-Turbine -Gen. To reduce the speed of rotor within minimum time to avoid damages to Figure 1 - Protection schematic for generators up to 5 MVA. electrical fault like differential, stator earth fault etc. Centrifugal pumpsare the mechanical devices which pump or transport various fluids by converting their 1-Oxygen percentage in Boiler outlet flue gas is 4.9%, then what will be the percentage of excess air? The following recommendations apply: The cross-sectional area of the drain tank vent should be large enough to make certain that the tanks internal pressure, with all simultaneous drains open, will be lower than that of the lowest pressure drain into the tank under all operating conditions, including start-up and shutdown. A generator can work as a synchronous compensator if the driving torque is less than the total losses in the system, taking necessary power from the network. 5) The cause of this disturbance is the inability of the GT to provide sufficient energy to maintain the Generator's energy requirement. Reverse power protection is the most Predominate protection in generator/alternator protection. involves serious electrical faults, connections from both generator and the EHV a, b, and c are some fitting constants, which can be . Then, harmful compounds will enter the entire system. What if Synchronous Scope on Reverse Direction? Independent level signals indicating a high-high alarm condition in the tank should be provided in the control room. [wp_ad_camp_1], When the current entering into the generator winding from the grid, the generator act as an induction motor. 3D scanning of turbine parts - 3D scanner - Hualang 3D Generator Protection: Generator Protection Explained - Blogger Double up components. Figure 2 illustrates the percentage of times various events contribute to water induction for a conventional steam cycle. With the aid of some excellent information presented at the recent 37th Annual Electric Utility Chemistry Workshop, the author will outline several of the most important issues with regard to protecting this most valuable piece of equipment. This does not involve instant tripping of the How do you calculate power plant efficiency??? R&D; Grants; Our Suppliers; Suppliers portal; Compliance; CI; The . The steam conditions you mention are at the high pressure inlet to the steam turbine. 73434 PDFs | Review articles in POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION Our Valves USA factory in Ipswich, Massachusetts, is preparing to ship this 38-inch pressure class 150 Atwood & Morrill FREE FLOW Reverse Current check valve, which weighs over 5,800 pounds! Scanning site of . You have entered an incorrect email address! (This application requires redundant level elements. Shuting down the mover is safe, to avoide damage in motoring case, like in breaker failure situation. There is bigger problem in parallel operation of DGs and STGs. Differential Expansion. Turbine trips on high main steam pressure. HRSG system configurations typically include as many as three steam drums, each with boiler water level controlled by feedwater valve modulation and condensate or feed pump recirculation or a similar method of controlling inflows. If it was because you lost the diesel and the genset motored then close down the diesel. Metal 3D printing has rapidly emerged as a key technology in modern design and manufacturing, so its critical educational institutions include it in their curricula to avoid leaving students at a disadvantage as they enter the workforce. Washim. Sources of water induction. Heretofore, such measurements have been possible with ion chromatography (IC), but from direct experience the author will attest that although the technique can provide accurate results, it is expensive and requires trained chemistry personnel (something combined cycle plants unfortunately dont always have) to keep IC units in proper working order. Lionel Vintage Original 2020 671 Steam Turbine Locomotive 1946 motor These issues are often magnified by the high cycling duty of most plants, including formerly base-loaded units. Reverse Power protection working principle: Upon the reduced turbine output, typically, the generator is not able to produce the output power less than no-load losses while the generator is still on-line, the generator will operate as a motor and driving the turbine. And, of course, other materials besides copper alloys are possible for any units that still have feedwater heaters. However, the flux-based RPR is found to perform better than the directional relay. Modeling and simulation of reverse power relay for generator protection Efficiency of the power plant is calculated based on heat input and out put. Mechanical carryover is the typical method by which most impurities, and particularly those which we will most focus upon in this article, chloride and sulfate, enter steam. 4. We are first in your inbox with the most important news in the industry―keeping you smarter and one-step ahead in this ever-changing and competitive market. Alarm & buzzers are generally used to When the drain tank is connected to the condenser, the drain tank should provide separation of entering condensate and steam from the drain source(s). Client Resources and Training. Turbine Parts : Doosan koda Power Source: ASME TDP-1-2006 Committee. or hardwired control systems to protect systems and improve the operation reliability. Over Speed Protection While it is the general practice to provide mechanical over speed devices on both steam and hydro turbine, which operate directly on the steam throttle valve or main step valve, it is not usual to backup this . Join your peers on the Internet's largest technical engineering professional community.It's easy to join and it's free. Why is a steam turbine breaker open on reverse power in a - Quora But, off-line corrosion is a very serious issue that must be addressed to ensure good unit reliability. They drive countless machines and produce power in many plants worldwide. This is called reverse power. control systems to protect the equipments, man power and systems from The latest revision of TDP-1 includes several new items that address recent industry experience, including combined-cycle units and the application of modern control systems and technology to turbine water damage protection. The lead author outlined in the first half of the paper that during scheduled outages on two power generating units at his company, non-destructive testing (NDT) revealed stress corrosion cracking in blade attachments within the last three stages of some of the LP turbines. The second unit is an induction disk, a-c operated, adjustable timing unit. Breaker, Field Circuit Breaker, Generator Transformer Circuit Breakers & If 32PQ active, the setting must be considered about active and reactive power. Because carbon dioxide (CO2) influences CACE, now being recommended is degassed CACE, where the sample is routed through a reboiler or perhaps a nitrogen-sparged compartment to remove CO2. HRSG Design to Meet Next Generation Cycling and Efficiency Requirements, Continuous, On-Line PD Monitoring for Generators, Combined-cycle HRSG shutdown, layup and startup chemistry control, HRSG issues: Reemphasizing the importance of FAC corrosion control Part 4, HRSG issues: Reemphasizing the importance of FAC corrosion control Part 3, NET Power announces first utility-scale natural-gas fired plant with CCS, How did Californias grid survive record-breaking heat? Locate the bypass sparger a safe distance from the condenser tube bundles to allow a sufficient reduction in kinetic energy so that high-energy steam does not reach areas above and below the tube bundles and cause a recirculation backflow with entrained water toward the turbine (Figure 6). The level element in the latest version can represent either a level switch, a thermocouple, or a conductivity probe. The committee is now working on TDP-2 for nuclear power plants. Protections: Are the programmed or hardwired At 1,000 psia the general boiler water limiting concentration is around 2.3 ppm, but at 2,500 psi the limit drops to about 0.18 ppm. pressure & temperature steam will have water particles in it), Turbine trips on high bearing temperature (>110 deg C), To protect turbine bearing failure & other secondary The relay should have directional stability for the entire . TDP-1 offers guidance on how to identify systems that have a potential to allow water to enter the turbine and to design, control, maintain, test, and operate these systems in a manner that prevents any significant accumulation of water the first line of defense in preventing turbine water damage. This involves serious electrical faults and is Please contact clientservices@accessintel.com or call 888-707-5814 (M Th 9 am 5:30 pm and F 9 am 3 pm. As plants become more complex and a larger number of drains are involved, plants are adding automatic controls to simplify operation. Procedural Reverse Power Protection For Hydro-generators Reverse power protection is used for anti-motoring. The interlock and protection system is used to 3.Cause the terminal voltage to rise. Turbine bypass systems should be provided with the same level of protection as motive steam piping. Copyright 1998-2022 engineering.com, Inc. All rights reserved.Unauthorized reproduction or linking forbidden without expressed written permission. Generator Protection | Electrical4U Mar 6, 2014. 2. CN113067367A - Method, system, device and medium for protecting reverse This is at a time when many consider 2 ppb of these ions to be excessive. It shall also be noted that reverse power protection is provided with a time delay of around 5 s to prevent spurious operation due to disturbances or . 2) RECIPROCATING PUMP : Motoring is harmful to the engine, hence the reverse power . If a corrosive environment exists, the time to fatigue failure is shortened. This location is known as the phase transition zone (PTZ), and it is in the PTZ that chloride and sulfate salts precipitate on the turbine blades and rotor. Defense Daily subscriber and registered users, please log in here to access the content. When a drain pump is required, it should be actuated automatically based on drain tank level. Risk Consulting | AXA XL When a steam turbine loses steam flow, it can no longer supply power to the system and instead draws enough power from the system to its windage and frictional losses. At pressures above 2,000 psi and especially at 2,400 psi and above, vaporous carryover of copper becomes quite troublesome. Power plant efficiency = Heat out put X 100 / Heat out put Heat rate is the amount of energy used by an electrical generator/power plant to generate one kilo Watt-hour (kWh) of electricity Hea Boiler feed pumps (BFP) questions & answers for interview: 1-What is the function of Boiler feed pumps (BFP) in power plant?
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